Every woman's experience of labour is unique however, there are some common signs and stages that indicate labour might be approaching. Keep in mind that not all these signs occur for every woman, and the order and intensity of these signs can vary.
Here are some common signs of labour which may occur in the hours, days and weeks before labour:
1. Lightening: The baby drops lower into the pelvis, which can relieve pressure on the diaphragm and make breathing easier. This usually happens a few weeks before labour begins.
2. Cervical Changes: The cervix starts to thin out (effacement) and open up (dilate). Your midwife will be able to detect these changes during physical exams (for example during the stretch and sweep if you choose to go down this route).
3. Braxton Hicks Contractions: These are practice contractions that can occur throughout pregnancy, but they may become more frequent and intense as labour approaches.
4. Water Breaking: The amniotic sac, which contains the baby and amniotic fluid, may rupture, resulting in a gush or trickle of fluid. This is commonly referred to as "water breaking."
5. Bloody Show: A discharge of mucus tinged with blood may occur as the cervix begins to soften and dilate.
6. Contractions: True labour contractions become regular, more frequent, and progressively stronger. They usually start in the lower back and radiate to the front of the abdomen. Over time, they become more consistent and intense.
7. Back Pain: Persistent lower back pain can be a sign of labour, often this is accompanied by contractions.
8. Gastrointestinal Changes: Diarrhoea or nausea can occur for some women as the body prepares for labour.
9. Energy Burst: Some women experience a sudden burst of energy (often termed the nesting instinct) shortly before labour begins.
10. Emotional Changes: Heightened emotions, restlessness, or a sense of impending change can be signs that labour is approaching.
11. Vaginal Discharge: An increase in vaginal discharge, often thick and mucus-like, can occur as the cervix prepares for labour.
12. Pelvic Pressure: A feeling of increased pressure in the pelvic area may indicate the baby is descending.
It's important to note that these signs can vary widely among women and even among pregnancies. You will probably not experience all of these signs and your experience will likely differ from others you know. For example for some women their water breaking is the very first sign of labour, for others their water doesn't break until just before baby is born. If you're unsure whether you're in labour, contact your healthcare provider for guidance. They can help determine if it's time to go to the hospital or birthing centre.
If you're reading this because you think you might be in labour, good luck and wishing you a positive and calm birth experience.